An Improved Empirical Model for Estimating the Geometry of the Soil Wetting Front with Surface Drip Irrigation

Wetting pattern geometry is useful in determining the spacing between emitters and irrigation time drip systems. This research aimed to generate an empirical model estimate width depth of wetting front surface based on experimental tests a cube-shaped container with transparent walls soils sandy clay loam texture, hydraulic conductivities from 2.316 3.945 cm h?1, organic matter contents 1.7 2.8%, different conditions: discharge rates 1.44, 2.90, 3.00, 3.75, 4.00 L initial moisture levels permanent wilting point field capacity, times 0.58 9.50 h. The conditions strategy for measuring soil are detailed so experiment verifiable. proposed performed better than five other models, average values 3 root mean square error 0.88 Nash Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient. generated efficient simple can be very tool design operation systems similar those this study.